A showerhead’s job is simple: Spray water where you want it, when you want it. When such a simple device starts leaking, it can become quite the annoyance, especially since there can be several causes. The good news is that once you identify the cause of the leak, the repair is usually simple and requires just basic tools to complete.
Problem: Water Leaking from the Showerhead with the Tub Spout Running
There are two main reasons why this type of leak occurs. It’s either a tub spout restriction or a pressure issue:
- Tub spout restriction: This means the tub spout’s guillotine-like gate is stuck or partially obstructed. When this is the case, all the water cannot exit the tub spout, causing it to back up and overflow out of the showerhead.
- Excessive water pressure: The other possible cause is that there is too much water pressure for all the water to exit the tub spout. When this happens, the backpressure will cause water to exit through the smaller orifice and out of the showerhead.
In both cases, the water can’t leave the spout fast enough, so it backs up, passes back through the shower valve, and exits the showerhead.
How to Tell Whether It’s the Spout or Water Pressure
To determine whether it’s a restriction in the tub spout or excessive water pressure that’s causing the leak, remove the only variable from the equation: the tub spout.
- Remove the tub spout: If the tub spout is threaded, you can unscrew it by turning the spout counterclockwise. If it is a slip-on tub spout, it will have a small set screw underneath that can be removed with a hex key.
- Once the spout is removed, run the water at full force.
- Observe the showerhead. If there isn’t a leak, you have a spout restriction. If the leaking continues, you have excessive water pressure.
How to Fix a Tub Spout Restriction
If the tub spout is the issue, you’ll need to replace it. Simply purchase another one (be sure to purchase the same type as your previous model) at the local hardware store and install it according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The new spout will come with the fittings required for installation, but you’ll need some Teflon tape and basic hand tools.
How to Fix a Water Pressure Problem
If the pressure is the issue, there are some simple fixes. If the pressure in the rest of the house is okay and the only place high pressure is causing an issue is the shower, find the control valves and throttle them back slightly until the shower runs properly.
If the pressure is too high throughout the whole house, adjust the pressure-reducing valve until the pressure levels are more reasonable. The pressure-reducing valve is typically located on the main water supply line next to the water meter and looks like a bell with a bolt sticking out of the top. You can adjust the pressure by first loosening the nut under the bolt with a wrench, then using a flathead screwdriver to turn the bolt counterclockwise to decrease the water pressure. Test the water pressure to ensure it’s to your liking and retighten the nut.
Problem: Showerhead Drips Constantly, Even When Turned Off
A less common issue is a showerhead that leaks when the water is off. This doesn’t usually happen with modern shower valves, but it can happen with older models with diverter valves.
If the seals inside the shower valve are old and worn, water can pass through the valve. If the diverter is in the shower position, the pipe will fill and eventually water will leak from the shower head in a slow, steady drip.
Why This Happens
As mentioned, this type of leakmostly happens with older shower valves. The parts inside these units can wear down and become less effective at controlling water. Common causes include:
- A worn shower valve cartridge
- Worn seals, rubber washers, or seats
- Mineral buildup preventing full closure
- Interior seal deterioration
How to Fix a Constant Showerhead Drip
The process can be a little more involved, but it doesn’t require an expensive plumbing service call.
- Shut off the water supply to the shower. If there aren’t any control valves for the shower, turn off the main water supply to the house.
- Remove the handle to turn on the shower using a screwdriver or hex key (there’s usually a screw in the center or underneath). Then remove the decorative trim plate.
- There are different ways that cartridges can be held in place:
- For a retaining clip, remove the U-shaped pin from the top of the cartridge with needle-nose pliers.
- For a retaining nut, use a deep socket wrench or adjustable wrench to turn the large brass or plastic hex nut surrounding the cartridge counterclockwise.
- For a threaded bonnet/cover plate, unscrew the cover from the front of the valve body to expose the cartridge.
- Pull the catridge straight out.
- Take the cartridge to a local plumbing supplier and find the replacement part.
- Insert the replacement cartridge into the valve body, reassemble all the parts, turn the water back on, and test the shower by watching for leaks.
Problem: Water Leaks from the Showerhead Connection or Arm
Water can leak from the connection between the arm and the showerhead while the shower is running. It may drip down around the underside of the showerhead, or it can spray if there’s enough pressure.
Why This Happens
A leak between the showerhead and the showerhead arm is a connection issue. It can be caused by worn threads on the arm or in the showerhead, a lack of Teflon tape around the shower arm, or a missing or worn washer.
How to Fix a Showerhead Connection Leak
This repair doesn’t require shutting off the water supply, and it typically doesn’t require any tools, beyond maybe some Teflon tape:
- Grasp the shower arm with one hand and unscrew the showerhead off with the other. The connection should be hand-tight and easy to remove.
- Inspect the threads on the shower arm and inside the showerhead fitting. Worn threads require a replacement.
- Inspect inside the showerhead fitting for a flat rubber washer. If it’s not present, that’s likely the cause of the leak.
- Peel off the existing Teflon tape. You can use an old toothbrush and/or a dry cloth to remove any leftover debris that may prevent a proper seal. Wrap new Teflon tape around the threads 2–3 times in a clockwise fashion.
- Reinstall the showerhead with the flat rubber washer inside the fitting. Tighten it by hand to create a watertight seal, but be careful not to overtighten
- Turn on the shower to test the connection. If it still leaks, slightly tighten more.
When to Call a Professional
If the shower is still leaking despite your best efforts, you may need to call an experienced plumber for help. Turn the project over if you experience:
- Persistent leaks after cartridge replacement
- Signs of internal valve failure
- Pressure fluctuations throughout the house
- Water hammer or banging pipes
- Evidence of concealed leaks inside the walls
A good plumber will be able to identify the issue right away and fix it in short order. They’ll have the knowledge, supplies, parts, and tools to handle the project.
Understanding Water Pressure and Fixture Lifespan
New homeowners should understand water pressure and how it affects the home. If excessive, water pressure can shorten the life of faucets, valves, and appliances. While it might seem like a good problem to have, high water pressure can do a lot of damage.
If the whole home experiences high pressure, you can have a plumber install a pressure regulator near the shut-off valve. This will help lower the pressure throughout the house and prevent damage.
Simple Fixes with a Big Impact
Most showerhead leaks trace back to a pressure issue, worn internal components, or a loose connection at the fixture itself. Taking the time to diagnose the issue before replacing parts can save money and prevent unnecessary work. With a few basic tools and a methodical approach, most homeowners can correct the problem in an afternoon and restore proper operation.