Not long ago, professional installation was your only choice when it came to your alarm systems. Someone had to explore your entire home to install wired sensors and control pads. In many cases, there was a fee associated with installation, and if you ever wanted to expand your system, you had to pay for another technician visit.
But with the advancements in wireless technology, DIY security systems are more accessible than ever before. Wireless sensors, cameras, and app-based setup make installations a breeze—without the help of a professional. When a homeowner wasn’t sure about the alarm system he wanted for his home, building engineer Ross Trethewey showed him how to install a DIY security system.
What Is a DIY Security System?
A DIY security system operates very similarly to a traditional alarm system, but it can be installed by the homeowner. Most of these systems use wireless sensors, connected hubs, and app-based control. The devices communicate with the hub using wireless protocols such as Wi-Fi, Z-Wave, or proprietary radio signals, meaning there’s no need for running wires through the home and minimal drilling required (some cameras and doorbells may need mounting hardware).
Installation is typically very simple. The homeowner just orders a kit with the sensors they need for their home, installs the apps, and connects each device to the system with a QR code or app pairing.
Components of a DIY Home Security System
Every home’s sensor and device needs are different based on the size, layout, and architecture, but the following are the devices you can add to most DIY security systems:
- Central hub or control panel
- Door and window sensors
- Motion detectors
- Indoor security cameras
- Outdoor security cameras
- Environmental sensors (smoke, CO, water leak)
- Smart doorbell camera
- Mobile app for monitoring
Most DIY systems start with a hub and a few entry sensors, but homeowners can expand the system over time with additional cameras, smart locks, or environmental sensors. By mixing and matching these devices according to the home’s needs, a DIYer can easily create a security system that protects their home as well as a traditional system.
Benefits of Installing a DIY Security System
For homeowners on the fence about taking on this project without a professional, an overview of the benefits will help. Installing your own DIY security system often comes with:
- Lower installation cost
- No long-term contracts
- Easy expansion or relocation
- Integration with smart home devices
- Optional monitoring plans
For most systems, DIY kits have the same upsides as professionally installed hardwired systems. Yet they’re more flexible and usually more affordable.
Plan Your Security System Before Installation
One of the most important aspects of a DIY installation is the planning. Homeowners should take their time here to ensure the system they order and install truly fits their needs.
Assess Your Home’s Layout
Walk your home’s entire layout and take notes. You’ll want to mark down main entry doors, ground-level windows, garage doors (overhead and standard entry), the high traffic areas in the home, and exterior areas that need cameras like driveways, walkways, and shielded spaces behind fences.
Writing these areas down on a list will ensure you know how many sensors to order and which devices you need.
Choose the Right System
There are few points to consider when choosing the right DIY kit, or when assembling your own kit from scratch. You’ll need to keep these factors in mind:
- Home size: You’ll want a kit and hub capable of covering your entire home, including all the entry points regardless of how far they are from the hub.
- Number of entry points: Each window and entry door on the ground level needs a sensor. It’s even good practice to secure second-floor windows as well.
- Wi-Fi reliability: Your security system may communicate with its devices and your app using Wi-Fi. Shaky Wi-Fi could mean missing alerts, so make sure yours is reliable.
- Camera needs: Use your layout to determine where cameras are necessary. Consider entry doors, driveways, and exterior spaces hidden from the road, but make sure to give some thought to interior spaces, especially if you have children or pets.
- Smart home compatibility: It’s best to find a DIY system that works with your existing smart home ecosystem.
- Cellular backup: Cellular backup service won’t fail in a power outage like Wi-Fi will. It’s often an additional cost but ensures your home is covered regardless if the Wi-Fi drops.
Where to Place Security Devices for the Best Protection
Door and Window Sensors
Entry sensors should be installed anywhere someone may try to gain entry to the home. This includes both the front and back door as well as any ground-floor windows. Garage entry doors are also common entry points where entry sensors should be installed.
Motion Detectors
Motion detectors will alert when they sense something or someone moving in a space. Their best placement areas include hallways, living rooms, and stairways. Some cameras have built-in facial recognition, allowing them to learn the faces of the people who live in the home and only alert to motion from people it doesn’t recognize.
There are some spots you’ll want to avoid. These include areas around HVAC vents, anywhere the motion detectors will experience direct sunlight, and any parts household pets frequently travel through.
Security Camera Placement
Security cameras are incredibly flexible. In fact, some DIY security systems only use cameras. For these devices, you’ll want to place them outside the front and back doors, the driveway, backyard access points, and even interior living spaces.
But to get the most out of your cameras, it’s important to install them at the correct height. Mounting cameras about 7 to 10 feet high helps capture faces while reducing the risk of tampering.
DIY Security System Installation
The following will explain the process of installing the common devices found in DIY kits. For any specific questions, be sure to check the device’s manual.
Installing the Security System’s Central Hub
Most hubs follow a similar installation process:
- Place the hub near the main entry area.
- Plug it into a power outlet.
- Secure the outlet plug if the system includes a locking cover.
- Download the mobile app.
- Scan the hub’s QR code or use in-app pairing to register it.
- Follow the app’s setup instructions.
Installing Door and Window Sensors
Entry sensors take just a few moments to install. They typically utilize adhesives instead of screws, meaning faster installation and you won’t have to drill holes in your windows or doors.
- Clean the mounting surface.
- Remove adhesive backing.
- Attach the sensor to the frame.
- Attach the magnet to the door or window.
- Scan the QR code or use in-app pairing to link it with the system.
- Test the sensor.
With proper installation, the sensors should send an alert or status update every time the door or window is opened, depending on the security system’s status.
Installing Motion Detectors
Motion detectors add an extra layer of security by monitoring movement within your home. Choose strategic locations such as hallways or large rooms, mount the detector at the recommended height (usually 6-8 feet), and aim the sensor away from heat sources and windows to avoid false alarms.
Installing Security Cameras
Security cameras provide visual monitoring and can deter potential intruders. Both indoor and outdoor cameras are demonstrated for effective home surveillance.
Here’s how to install an outdoor camera:
- Choose a location with a clear view of entry points or vulnerable areas.
- Make sure the camera is within range of your Wi-Fi network.
- Mount the camera securely using the provided hardware.
- Connect the camera to a power source or install batteries if it’s wireless.
- Use the app to adjust settings and viewing angles.
Below is how most indoor camera installations are completed:
- Select areas that cover main living spaces or entry points.
- Plug in the camera and position it on a stable surface or mount it to the wall.
- Use the app to configure settings like motion detection and night vision.
Installing a Smart Doorbell Camera
Smart doorbells can operate on battery power or can connect to your existing doorbell wiring. The process is straightforward:
- Turn off the power to the doorbell at the circuit breaker.
- Remove the existing doorbell from the wall, exposing the wires behind it.
- Disconnect wires from the doorbell but be careful not to let them fall back into the wall.
- Attach wires to the new doorbell according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Mount the doorbell using the included hardware.
- Restore power by flipping the circuit breaker back on.
- Scan the doorbell’s QR code and complete the setup in the app.
Configuring Your Security System
Monitoring
Most DIY systems have two monitoring options. The first is self monitoring, where your app does all the monitoring for you, sending alerts when it receives an alarm. The benefit of self-monitoring is the low cost (usually free), but the downside is that you’ll have to call police or fire in an emergency.
The second option is professional monitoring. Most systems allow you to add a monitoring service for a monthly fee. If an alarm is detected, the monitoring service can dispatch police and fire for you. But it does cost extra.
Set System Modes
Most security systems come with built-in modes, including “Home” and “Away,” and some may also have a “Night” mode. Set up schedules for automatic arming and disarming of these modes with the app. Customize notifications for different events and sensors to suit your lifestyle.
Customize Alerts
Security systems can send several types of alerts, including actual alarms, entry sensor updates, motion detection, and camera activities. Customize which alerts you want to receive and when you want to receive them. Alert customization can be handled in the system’s app.
Common DIY Security System Mistakes
DIY security systems are easy to install, but it can also be easy to make some common mistakes. These include:
- Installing cameras out of Wi-Fi range
- Placing motion sensors near vents or windows, resulting in accidental alerts
- Mounting cameras too high to capture faces
- Too many alerts causing constant notification fatigue
Avoid these mistakes so your system works as well as possible and so you don’t tire of unnecessary alerts.
Maintaining Your DIY Security System
Regular maintenance helps your system continue to function effectively and remain up to date.
Expanding Your System
As your needs change, improve your security setup by adding additional sensors or cameras, environmental sensors, home automation devices, and smart locks.
Routine Checks
- Clean camera lenses periodically.
- Replace batteries in wireless devices as needed.
- Test your system monthly.
- Update software and firmware when available.
The Bottom Line on DIY Security Systems
DIY security systems make it easy to protect your home without the cost of professional installation. With wireless sensors, smart cameras, and app-based monitoring, most homeowners can set up a reliable system in just a few hours. When you take the time to plan device placement and configure alerts properly, a DIY system can provide effective, flexible home security that’s easy to expand and manage as your needs change.